PERCEPTIONS OF TEACHERS ON THE USE OF HISTORY
IN TEACHING MATHEMATICS

Engr. Maria Cristina Agustin-Sicat, Ms. Angela Faith B. Daguman & Ms. Ivy Gay O. Salvador

In this study, the researchers sought to investigate the perceptions of teachers on the use and the extent of utilization of mathematics history in teaching mathematics. A total of 72 teachers across the three levels-primary, secondary, and tertiary, from both public and private schools participated in the study. It was found out that there was no significant difference in the perceptions on the use of history of teachers across level but there was a significant difference in the perceptions of teachers depending on whether they came from a private or public school. In terms of the extent of use, teachers, regardless of the level and type of school in which they came from, sometimes use teaching methods which incorporate the history of mathematics.

THE REASONS OF FAILURE IN ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
PROCESS AND THE ROLE OF SCHOOL LEADERS WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF SCHOOL CULTURE

  Ergün RECEPOĞLU

This study investigates the reasons of failure in organizational change process and the role of school leaders within the context of school culture. This study emphasizes the importance of the school culture and school leaders in organizational change process. This study was based on literature review. Successful organizational change eases with planned change initiatives that aim corporate culture and integrate this culture with change process. The role of school leaders is of great significance in this context. As a conclusion, it can be said that schools, the role of school leaders and school cultures must be taken into consideration in establishing new ways of working and reform models and in fostering improvement and development especially if we don’t want our schools to fail.

FEATURE PROGRAM IN PRIVATE TELEVISION AS LEARNING MEDIA TO FIGHT AGAINTS HUMAN TRAFFICKING

Dede Mulkan

Human trafficking is a modern form of slavery. In Indonesia, there are many women are seeking jobs worldwide. Most of them initially are offered to work as domestic servants.   Unfortunately, many of these workers are later forced into abusive conditions such sexual exploitation (prostitution or sex entertainment industry) or labour exploitation. It was reported that the estimation number for this is between 6.5 million to 9 million people.

There are many causes of human trafficking. In Indonesia according to US Department of State Trafficking in Persons Report in 2011, it includes poverty, lack of employment opportunities, unequal gender roles, and community and family pressures to employ children. There are many efforts being made not only by Government in terms of placing in the law and acts to prevent but also many NGOs and other institutions put they concerns in prosecuting, protecting and preventing it.

Private television stations also can take part in campaigning and fighting movements against human trafficking. Many television programs can be developed for two purposes. Firstly, it can be used as an alternative way to educate people about the issue. People would then have information and knowledge to make informed-decision to prevent them from any traps made by traffickers. Secondly, media may also plays its rule to campaign and fight against human trafficking especially to help and protect the victims. This paper will look at on how the feature program on private television be developed for those purposes.

IMPACT OF GENDER ROLES ON WOMEN INVOLVEMENT IN FUNCTIONAL ADULT LITERACY IN ETHIOPIA: A REVIEW            

Genet Gelana Kabeta & Haftu Hindeya Gebremeskel

Currently in Ethiopia the incumbent government is working towards boosting the involvement of women in various development programs. In this regard, in its effort to enhance their involvement, the government and its stakeholders are confronting with deep rooted and unhealthy stereotypes towards women that have been there with the community for centuries. The purpose of this work is then intended to provide a review on the impact of gender roles on women involvement in Functional Adult Literacy (FAL) in Ethiopia by bringing national and international studies as background information. Specifically, the purposes of the paper are to enhance understanding on the status of women involvement in FAL, point out the major factors that hinder their participation and suggest possible intervention mechanism in Ethiopia. This paper attempted to critically review contemporary views on issues that entangled women’s participation and argues that there are lots of assignments that all concerned bodies are supposed to accomplish. This paper contended women who grew up having the same gender role expectations and behaviours as men are confident and develop positive self-concept about themselves than those who grew up having roles and behaviours different from that of men. It was also argued that the gender roles of women have implication for their participation in education in general and in functional adult literacy in particular.  As many educators underlined the gender role of women and how they were socialized towards these make them think that they are appropriate only at home and hence reluctant to be enrolled  in the school, less expectant of success and choose those subjects which either provide them the opportunity to fulfil or are consistent with their self-image. From the arguments among educators, it can be concluded that governmental and non-governmental, national and international groups, should rethink on these socio-cultural factors which result in limited role of women and boost their efforts on how to eliminate the negative perceptions held among people.  Hence, to lift the government’s attempts and accomplish remaining tasks, organized and painstaking efforts are needed to promote women’s all rounded participation in social, economic and political areas. In so doing, parents, schools and teachers, community elders, religious leaders, government and non-government leaders should work hard to help the society change the existing negative perceptions and myths of women to create gender fair society.

Salma Haque & Tahmina Akhter

WHAT DO STUDENTS HAVE IN THEIR MENTAL MAPS ABOUT THE CONCEPT OF MIGRATION? AN ANALYSIS FROM TURKEY

Fikret TUNA

Phenomenography is an experimental and qualitative research approach, which investigates how people perceive, understand and conceptualize a variety of events or issues in different ways. The main objective of this study was to determine secondary school students’ perceptions of “the migration” by the phenomenographic method. A survey was prepared and 373 students from five different secondary schools in Turkey answered the survey. They were asked to complete the sentence: “Migration means ....... because ........”. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained, 7 different description categories were identified about the “migration”. These were changing where you live, changing where you live depending on a driving force, a disaster, the transport of more than one person or a nation, an exile, a new beginning to life and meeting of different cultures and a leaving. Among the description categories, “changing where you live in” included the highest numbers of metaphors, with a total of 148. In addition, students’ mental map was revealed.

THE TYRANNY OF NUMBERS AND ETHNIC POLITICAL PATRONAGE IN KENYA: LESSONS FROM THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA’S ELECTORAL COLLEGE SYSTEM

Dr. Wycliffe Amukowa & Jeremiah O. Atancha

Ethnic diversity, though an obvious sign of Africa’s cultural richness and social capital, is equally a source of tension between communities and nations and is considered as a potential source of conflicts and a handicap in the construction of a nation-state. The cohesion of ethnic entities and of regional specificities thus appeared, one would expect, as a prerequisite to this construction. Political leaders who have been at the helm of Africa’s independent nations assumed this objective which featured in a recurrent manner, as an essential component of their pronouncements and discourse on nation building. Mistrust for ethnicity seemed to have been fanned in Africa and the style of governance could be, in the main, based on neo-patrimonial patronage, that is, the absence of distinction between public and private resources or rather the blurred distinction between the public and private spheres. This type of governing style could have the motive of promoting “ethnocracy” as a tool for legitimizing power and has put in place political patronage on the basis of ethnicity ( Medard (1990, Dazon, 2000, Lemarchand, 1972 and Sall &Nsamenang ,2011). In this scenario of Africa’s ethnicity, Kenya is not an island. This paper has the intent of an understanding of how to harness and nurture as well harvest the principles of democratic governance in a country that has ethnic diversity, especially for minorities using the example of the Kenya’s 2013 presidential elections while drawing lessons from United States of America’s Electoral College Vote.

ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN URBAN SLUM: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVE

Shidratul Moontaha Suha & Md. Reazul Haque, PhD

This research has investigated the reason behind carrying poor health and its future impacts on adolescent girls, who lives in urban slums. We have chosen Tejgaon Railgate Slum, Dhaka, Bangladesh as our research area and aimed to look into the consequences of environmental factors which affect those marginalized people. We have used both primary and secondary information and feminist methodology as a tool for conducting qualitative research. Research assessments found out adolescent girls are losing their capabilities due to gradual degradation of Environmental Health. Data analysis shows that the influential Capability approach by Martha Nussbaum sets with slum adolescent girls. The situation analysis proved that factors of environment (for example water, ventilation, air, noise) are causing poor health among slum adolescent girls. These very factors are pointed in Nightingale’s Environmental Theory, which holds another big platform in our research. Although Nightingale’s avoided accepting John Snow’s Germ Theory, it is not so ignorable rather it could be placed with Nightingale’s principles and these two theories are interrelated and able to develop adolescents’ capabilities in broader sense. In conclusion, this research slots in some general recommendations by focusing National Health Policy, 2011and argues that it is an urgent need to give prior concern on environmental sustainability and health right in adolescent girls and incorporate their voice while formulating further policy.

CITY HERITAGE OF MATARAM ISLAMIC KINGDOM
IN INDONESIA
(CASE STUDY OF YOGYAKARTA PALACE)

Laksmi Kusuma Wardani, R.M. Soedarsono, Timbul Haryono & Djoko Suryo

Yogyakarta Palace is a royal city that evolved into a Special Region in Indonesia. The city keeps precious relics such as urban planning and buildings that contain historical and aesthetic values. Yogyakarta has four main components called catur gatra tunggal that covers palace, Alun-alun (square), mosque, and market, equipped with a castle, trench, gates, tamansari, and settlements. These main components become a historical evidence of a traditional city that developed into a modern city, which can be seen from the structure of urban planning that has characters, the buildings that have architectural quality, and the social life that is developed and sustained.