A PRACTICE THEORY FOR ANTENATAL CARE IN RURAL KENYA: A GROUNDED THEORY STUDY

Dr Joyce Owino , Prof Frances Legault, Hazel Miseda Mumbo ,Odhiambo Odera & Mary Evelyn Ayugi

The purpose of the study was to analyze nurse–client interaction processes in rural health facilities. This was an inductive, qualitative, grounded theory study. Constant comparative analysis of data was used to generate themes, concepts and theoretical statements. Six main concepts emerged from data: Willingness of mother to attend antenatal clinic, reciprocal exchange of information, nursing care and treatment, focused preparation of mother, evaluating readiness for delivery within the rural context and referral of client. These concepts were key to the generation of “Owino’s theory of nurse-client interactions for childbirth preparedness”. Nurse-client interaction processes in preparation for delivery by a skilled attendant is influenced by the complex rural context. High quality interaction should help the nurse and mother rise above contextual challenges.

   ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES AND SUSTAINABILITY OF HOMESTAY ENTREPRENEURS

Zaleha Mohamad, Yahaya Ibrahim, Mohd Shaladdin Muda & Safiek Moklis

This paper  examining the relationship between entrepreneurial competencies towards sustainability of homestay entrepreneurs in  tourism industry. Eight variables of entrepreneurial competencies will be tested to examine the importance of each variable in determining entrepreneurs’ sustainability in business. Sustainability, as the dependent variable, will be defined based on economic, social and environmental aspects. The results of this study will be useful for the  homestay entrepreneurs, academic purposes, government policy as well as entrepreneurs’ development plan implementation. The result will also provide useful information to both government and private agencies in designing the most effective  program for homestay entrepreneurs in tourism industry. It will as well serve as reference pertaining to studies involving entrepreneurs and homestay.

NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF TELEVISION PROGRAM
(PRIVATE TELEVISION PROGRAM CASES IN INDONESIA)

Dr. DEDE MULKAN

The presence of private television station in Indonesia, has given a new color to the development of television in Indonesia. Private television which has been present in Indonesia since about twenty years ago, has brought a paradigm shift in television viewing.
Unfortunately, the change was not all for the better, but on the contrary, the presence of private television has given the adverse implications for most television viewers in Indonesia, particularly children. Various impressions of violence is not good for the development of children in Indonesia, has been born to run programs on private television.
This condition is certainly cause for concern for parents when they leave their children in front of the television, as it turns out the media has brought negative effect on a child's development. Moreover, time spent watching children in Indonesia can be a tough audience with more than eight hours a day.
The negative impact of television for children's development has been widely studied by the recognized expert, and the results are television has negative effect on children's development. That concern is justified because, private television stations only consider  the program in terms of rating. If the program was very beneficial to the station --even though the program was not good for the audience-- then it will show the program.
On the one hand, the medium of television into a container to accelerate the progress of Indonesian society, but on the other hand, television also has an impact that is not profitable for them.
To that required a firm attitude in using the medium of television as a medium to accelerate the development process in Indonesia.
Watching television in Indonesia, to be with a firm attitude and full of self-protection. The attitude of the wisest in watching television: "Let us smart watch television. Let us watch smart television. Let's intelligent smart watch television ".

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN “INNOVATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY” AND “ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT”: CANONICAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS FOR THE EU COUNTRIES

Assist. Prof. Dr. Ayşen Altun Ada & Lecturer, Bahar Çelik

Today; innovation, science and technology constitute the essential force of economic development. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the selected indicators of innovation, science and technology that belong to the EU countries and economic development. To this aim, the canonical correlation analysis technique was employed in order to determine the relationship between two variable sets. It was determined that there exists a high and statistically significant correlation between the variable sets

NEEDS ASSESSMENT OF BARANGAY HEALTH WORKERS (BHWs) IN DELIVERING HEALTH CARE PROVISIONS IN BARANGAY DAWIS, DIGOS CITY, PHILIPPINES

PROF. DENNIS JOHN F. SUMAYLO, MS. MA. TERESA R. ESCANO &
MR. DOYLE FELIX T. ABRIO

It is the objective of this paper to document the needs of Barangay Health Workers in the provision of health care program of the Department of Health in the Philippines. Furthermore, this paper also documents the current communication tools used by the BHWs for both internal and external publics of the Barangay Health Center to provide justifications of the needs of the BHWs in the provision of health care programs.

Provided with the current framework of operation, the top-down model of communication is widely implemented rendering all directives and communication are from the Department of Health Central Office. The Central Office also provides a Manual on Interpersonal Communication and Counseling as basis for the BHWs in implementing various health care programs. However, this method is linear in nature and not transactional which is what health communication should be.

In the implementation of various health care programs in the barangay level in the Philippines, it must be noted that inputs from those familiar with the locale and the people are important for a successful communication flow. A transition from top-down to bottom-up communication is necessary in situation where the focus of information is based on the needs of a community. This communication system stresses the importance of empowerment of BHWs in event organization, strategic communication planning and message development, and highlighting transactional communication in the process.

The Barangay Health Workers (BHWs) need to come up with their own strategies in delivering health care provisions to their clients/patients is a clear indication of this. This communication flow provides top organization personnel with ideas/feedbacks from those working at the grass-roots level.

COUNTERMEASURES TERORRISM IN INDONESIA:
AN ANALYSIS THROUGH POINT OF VIEW OF SOCIOLOGICAL AND JURIDICAL APPROACH

Dr. Agus Ahmad Safei & Dr. Dini Dewi Heniarti

Terrorist cells still exist in Indonesia despite the Indonesian security authorities having achieved success in their counter-terrorism operations. Counter-terrorism and counter-radicalisation efforts need to be adapted to changing challenges. Understanding the motivations and causes of terrorism helps to frame a comprehensive counterterrorism strategy.  Terrorists are not a homogeneous group.  Their roots are diverse, not being the same from place to place.  Some see themselves as legitimate geopolitical actors, while others are nothing more than gangs or thrill-kill cults.In the past decades, Indonesia has suffered severe terrorist attacks, faced major terrorism challenges and has made impressive progress in countering it. The trend of terrorist groups operating in Indonesia to focus on “soft” targets. Indonesia has made notable progress in strengthening the legal regime against terrorism, in conformity with the international treaties against terrorism. Further measures are however needed to complete the legal regime building processes.  This paper will demonstrate analysis  of countermeasures terrorism in Indonesia by sociological and juridical approach.

INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE AS SOCIAL CAPITAL

M. Rezaul Islam, PhD

This paper shows how indigenous knowledge (IK) is social capital. The finding of this paper is based on two NGOs such as Proshika and Practical Action Bangladesh (PAB). Data were collected through qualitative research using a number of data collections methods. The paper argues that the present prominence of IK covers so many merits that it can be considered as social capital.